Thursday, October 10, 2024

personal struggle (greater jihad, Muslim)

 
Sumbul Ali-Karamali, The muslim next door : the Qur'an, the media, and that veil thing, 2008

written Sumbul Ali-Karamali 

The Opening
p.79
In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Caring
Praise belongs to God,
Lord sustainer of the worlds
The Compassionate, the Caring
Master of the Day of Reckoning
To you we turn to worship
And to you we turn in time of need
Guide us along the road straight,
The road of those to whom you are giving,
Not those with anger upon them
Not those who have lost the way.

   (The muslim next door : the Qur'an, the media, and that veil thing, By Sumbul Ali-Karamali, © 2008, p.79)

A particular famous quotation of the Prophet illuminates two ways in which jihad may be used. After returning from a devestating military battle in which the Muslims had sustained great loss of life, Muhammad remarked wearily that he and his followers had returned from the lesser jihad to the greater jihad. When asked by his astonished listeners to explain, the Prophet replied that by “lesser jihad” he meant physical fighting. By “greater jihad,” he meant the ongoing, daily, personal struggle to improve the soul and purge it of wickedness.
     The Prophet is also reported in the HADITH to have said that “the best form of jihad is to speak the truth in the face of an oppressive ruler.” <skip the rest of the paragraph>
     Islamic law identifies four kinds of jihad:
        a) jihad by the heart, which is the greater jihad and means purging oneself of wickedness;
        b) jihad by the tongue, which means using verbal persuasion to correct injustice;
        c) jihad by the hands, which means undertaking good works to correct injustice; and
        d) jihad by the sword, which means the use of force to correct an injustice.

   (The muslim next door : the Qur'an, the media, and that veil thing, By Sumbul Ali-Karamali, © 2008, pp.168-170)

   (Ali-Karamali, Sumbul, The muslim next door : the Qur'an, the media, and that veil thing / By Sumbul Ali-Karamali., 1. Islam--21st century., 2. Islam--Essence, genius, nature., 3. Islam--Muslims--Social life and customs--21st century., 4. Islam--Public opinion., © 2008, ) 
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πόλλ' οἶδ' ἀλώπηξ,ἀλλ' ἐχῖνος ἓν μέγα πόλλ' οἶδ' ἀλώπηξ,ἀλλ' ἐχῖνος ἓν μέγα
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